Megadodo
10-19-2007, 06:24 PM
Posted by creme.de.christine (Member # 2297) on March 15, 2004 06:56 PM March 15, 2004 06:56 PM :
First of all, a mom who can't stop smoking should breastfeed. Breastfeeding provides many immunities that help your baby fight illness and can even help counteract some of the effects of cigarette smoke on your baby: for example, breastfeeding has been shown to decrease the negative effects of cigarette smoke on a baby's lungs. It's definitely better if breastfeeding moms not smoke, but if you can't stop or cut down, then it is better to smoke and breastfeed than to smoke and formula feed.
The more cigarettes that you smoke, the greater the health risks for you and your baby. If you can't stop smoking, or don't want to stop smoking, it's safer for your baby if you cut down on the number of cigarettes that you smoke.
(from kellymom.com)
Follow these links to info on smoking and breastfeeding.
http://www.kellymom.com/health/lifestyle/smoking.html#babies
http://www.lalecheleague.org/FAQ/smoking.html
http://www.drjaygordon.com/links/BF/smoking.htm
LINK NOT WORKING
http://www.storknet.com/cubbies/breast/exjs16.htm
**********************
This site believes the women should be encouraged more strongly to quit smoking and includes a number of links indicating detrimental impact of smoking on breastfed babies.
http://whyquit.com/whyquit/LinksBirth.html
**********************
A Few Research Abstracts:
Maternal smoking and breastfeeding
F. Najdawi and M. Faouri
http://www.emro.who.int/Publications/EMHJ/0503/03.htm
ABSTRACT A 2-month study was undertaken to investigate the effects of maternal smoking on breastfeeding. A total of 500 mothers were interviewed twice postpartum and information about maternal smoking and sociodemographic factors was collected. After adjustment for maternal smoking and other confounders, results suggested that smoking had a direct effect on breastfeeding. The prevalence of breastfeeding reduced significantly among smokers but there was no significant reduction among non-smokers. Education and social class were related positively to continued breastfeeding but negatively to smoking. Because breastfeeding decreased with smoking, smoking should be discouraged, particularly in developing countries where breastfeeding constitutes an essential child survival measure.
**********************
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query...p;dopt=Abstract
Breastfeeding, maternal smoking and lower respiratory tract infections.
Nafstad P, Jaakkola JJ, Hagen JA, Botten G, Kongerud J.
Dept of Population Health Sciences, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between breastfeeding and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) during the first year of life, with special reference to maternal smoking. A cohort of 3,754 children born in 1992-1993 in the City of Oslo, Norway was recruited and data were collected at birth, 6 and 12 months of age. Complete information was obtained from 3,238 children (follow-up rate 86%). The main outcome was an episode of a LRTI, such as pneumonia, bronchitis or bronchiolitis, based on a self-administered questionnaire addressed to parents when the child was 6 and 12 months old. The outcome was specified as physician-diagnosed. In logistic regression analysis adjusting for confounding, maternal smoking increased the risk of LRTIs in children breastfed for 0-6 months (odds ratio (AOR) 1.7; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.2-2.4), but not essentially when the child was breastfed for more than 6 months (AOR 1.1; 95% CI 0.7-1.6). Short-term breastfeeding (0-6 months) and no maternal smoking was related to an adjusted AOR of LRTIs of 1.3 (95% CI 1.0-1.7), and short-term breastfeeding combined with maternal smoking was related to an adjusted AOR of 2.2 (95% CI 1.6-3.1), as compared with long-term breastfeeding and no maternal smoking. The present study indicates a protective effect of long-term breastfeeding on the risk of lower respiratory tract infection during the first year of life. The results suggest that the protective effect is strongest in children exposed to environmental tobacco smoke.
*********************
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-05/bsj-bmc052703.php
Public release date: 28-May-2003
[ Print This Article | Close This Window ]
Contact: Emma Dickinson
pressoffice@bma.org.uk
44-207-383-6529
BMJ Specialty Journals
Breastfeeding may compensate for harmful effects of smoking during pregnancy
Breastfeeding may compensate for the harmful effects of smoking during pregnancy on a child's brain, suggests research in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.
The researchers based their findings on 570 only children from among over 3000 born at one Dutch hospital between 1975 and 1978. Details of the smoking habits of the mothers during pregnancy and the results of maths, spelling, and reading tests taken by the children at the age of 9 were analysed.
How the mothers chose to feed their children was also recorded on discharge from hospital and when their children were 9 and again when they were 25, to ensure that recall was reliable. Children who were breastfed for only a couple of weeks, or who were fed both breast and formula milk, were not included in the final analysis.
Only those children whose mothers had smoked during pregnancy and who had been bottle fed performed poorly on the school tests.
Mothers who breastfeed their children might differ from women who don't in some way that has not been accounted for, say the authors, in a bid to explain their findings. Or there may be some psychological aspects of breastfeeding that might influence a child's cognitive development, they suggest.
Posted by Gypsy (Member # 18) on May 15, 2004 10:36 PM May 15, 2004 10:36 PM :
Kids at risk even when parents smoke outside
Children still exposed to harmful chemicals, study finds
Updated: 2:33 p.m. ET April 05, 2004
STOCKHOLM, Sweden - Children of parents who smoke face double the risk of passive-smoking-related diseases than children of nonsmokers even if the smoking mom or dad lights up only outdoors, a Swedish study showed Monday.
advertisement
The World Health Organization regards environmental tobacco smoke exposure as a health hazard that affects almost half of the world€™s children.
€œThe results of this study indicates that smoking behavior in the home is of significance for children€™s ETS exposure,€ said a Linkoping University doctoral dissertation published in the April issue of the medical journal Pediatrics.
Researchers at the university in central Sweden said they had detected twice as high levels of cotinine -- a chemical created when the body processes nicotine -- in the urine of children whose parents smoked only outdoors with the door closed than for a control group of children with nonsmoking parents.
INTERACTIVE
€ Learn more about lung cancer
Since nicotine is highly specific for tobacco smoke, cotinine levels track exposure to tobacco smoke and its toxic constituents.
€œOne can speculate that it€™s from the smoker€™s breath but we have not studied this and we can€™t be sure,€ AnnaKarin Johansson, one of the researchers at Linkoping University€™s Faculty of Health Sciences, told Reuters by telephone.
For children of parents who varied their smoking between outdoors and by an open window, the exposure was 2.4 times higher, and for children in homes where parents smoked by the kitchen fan or outdoors it was more than three times higher.
In homes where parents regularly smoked indoors the exposure was 15 times higher than for children in the control group.
The study carried out from April 2001 to January 2003 analyzed urine samples from 366 children with at least one smoking parent and from 433 children of nonsmoking parents. All children were between 2.5 and 3 years old.
Copyright 2004 Reuters Limited. All rights reserved. Republication or redistribution of Reuters content is expressly prohibited without the prior written consent of Reuters
First of all, a mom who can't stop smoking should breastfeed. Breastfeeding provides many immunities that help your baby fight illness and can even help counteract some of the effects of cigarette smoke on your baby: for example, breastfeeding has been shown to decrease the negative effects of cigarette smoke on a baby's lungs. It's definitely better if breastfeeding moms not smoke, but if you can't stop or cut down, then it is better to smoke and breastfeed than to smoke and formula feed.
The more cigarettes that you smoke, the greater the health risks for you and your baby. If you can't stop smoking, or don't want to stop smoking, it's safer for your baby if you cut down on the number of cigarettes that you smoke.
(from kellymom.com)
Follow these links to info on smoking and breastfeeding.
http://www.kellymom.com/health/lifestyle/smoking.html#babies
http://www.lalecheleague.org/FAQ/smoking.html
http://www.drjaygordon.com/links/BF/smoking.htm
LINK NOT WORKING
http://www.storknet.com/cubbies/breast/exjs16.htm
**********************
This site believes the women should be encouraged more strongly to quit smoking and includes a number of links indicating detrimental impact of smoking on breastfed babies.
http://whyquit.com/whyquit/LinksBirth.html
**********************
A Few Research Abstracts:
Maternal smoking and breastfeeding
F. Najdawi and M. Faouri
http://www.emro.who.int/Publications/EMHJ/0503/03.htm
ABSTRACT A 2-month study was undertaken to investigate the effects of maternal smoking on breastfeeding. A total of 500 mothers were interviewed twice postpartum and information about maternal smoking and sociodemographic factors was collected. After adjustment for maternal smoking and other confounders, results suggested that smoking had a direct effect on breastfeeding. The prevalence of breastfeeding reduced significantly among smokers but there was no significant reduction among non-smokers. Education and social class were related positively to continued breastfeeding but negatively to smoking. Because breastfeeding decreased with smoking, smoking should be discouraged, particularly in developing countries where breastfeeding constitutes an essential child survival measure.
**********************
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query...p;dopt=Abstract
Breastfeeding, maternal smoking and lower respiratory tract infections.
Nafstad P, Jaakkola JJ, Hagen JA, Botten G, Kongerud J.
Dept of Population Health Sciences, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between breastfeeding and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) during the first year of life, with special reference to maternal smoking. A cohort of 3,754 children born in 1992-1993 in the City of Oslo, Norway was recruited and data were collected at birth, 6 and 12 months of age. Complete information was obtained from 3,238 children (follow-up rate 86%). The main outcome was an episode of a LRTI, such as pneumonia, bronchitis or bronchiolitis, based on a self-administered questionnaire addressed to parents when the child was 6 and 12 months old. The outcome was specified as physician-diagnosed. In logistic regression analysis adjusting for confounding, maternal smoking increased the risk of LRTIs in children breastfed for 0-6 months (odds ratio (AOR) 1.7; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.2-2.4), but not essentially when the child was breastfed for more than 6 months (AOR 1.1; 95% CI 0.7-1.6). Short-term breastfeeding (0-6 months) and no maternal smoking was related to an adjusted AOR of LRTIs of 1.3 (95% CI 1.0-1.7), and short-term breastfeeding combined with maternal smoking was related to an adjusted AOR of 2.2 (95% CI 1.6-3.1), as compared with long-term breastfeeding and no maternal smoking. The present study indicates a protective effect of long-term breastfeeding on the risk of lower respiratory tract infection during the first year of life. The results suggest that the protective effect is strongest in children exposed to environmental tobacco smoke.
*********************
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-05/bsj-bmc052703.php
Public release date: 28-May-2003
[ Print This Article | Close This Window ]
Contact: Emma Dickinson
pressoffice@bma.org.uk
44-207-383-6529
BMJ Specialty Journals
Breastfeeding may compensate for harmful effects of smoking during pregnancy
Breastfeeding may compensate for the harmful effects of smoking during pregnancy on a child's brain, suggests research in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.
The researchers based their findings on 570 only children from among over 3000 born at one Dutch hospital between 1975 and 1978. Details of the smoking habits of the mothers during pregnancy and the results of maths, spelling, and reading tests taken by the children at the age of 9 were analysed.
How the mothers chose to feed their children was also recorded on discharge from hospital and when their children were 9 and again when they were 25, to ensure that recall was reliable. Children who were breastfed for only a couple of weeks, or who were fed both breast and formula milk, were not included in the final analysis.
Only those children whose mothers had smoked during pregnancy and who had been bottle fed performed poorly on the school tests.
Mothers who breastfeed their children might differ from women who don't in some way that has not been accounted for, say the authors, in a bid to explain their findings. Or there may be some psychological aspects of breastfeeding that might influence a child's cognitive development, they suggest.
Posted by Gypsy (Member # 18) on May 15, 2004 10:36 PM May 15, 2004 10:36 PM :
Kids at risk even when parents smoke outside
Children still exposed to harmful chemicals, study finds
Updated: 2:33 p.m. ET April 05, 2004
STOCKHOLM, Sweden - Children of parents who smoke face double the risk of passive-smoking-related diseases than children of nonsmokers even if the smoking mom or dad lights up only outdoors, a Swedish study showed Monday.
advertisement
The World Health Organization regards environmental tobacco smoke exposure as a health hazard that affects almost half of the world€™s children.
€œThe results of this study indicates that smoking behavior in the home is of significance for children€™s ETS exposure,€ said a Linkoping University doctoral dissertation published in the April issue of the medical journal Pediatrics.
Researchers at the university in central Sweden said they had detected twice as high levels of cotinine -- a chemical created when the body processes nicotine -- in the urine of children whose parents smoked only outdoors with the door closed than for a control group of children with nonsmoking parents.
INTERACTIVE
€ Learn more about lung cancer
Since nicotine is highly specific for tobacco smoke, cotinine levels track exposure to tobacco smoke and its toxic constituents.
€œOne can speculate that it€™s from the smoker€™s breath but we have not studied this and we can€™t be sure,€ AnnaKarin Johansson, one of the researchers at Linkoping University€™s Faculty of Health Sciences, told Reuters by telephone.
For children of parents who varied their smoking between outdoors and by an open window, the exposure was 2.4 times higher, and for children in homes where parents smoked by the kitchen fan or outdoors it was more than three times higher.
In homes where parents regularly smoked indoors the exposure was 15 times higher than for children in the control group.
The study carried out from April 2001 to January 2003 analyzed urine samples from 366 children with at least one smoking parent and from 433 children of nonsmoking parents. All children were between 2.5 and 3 years old.
Copyright 2004 Reuters Limited. All rights reserved. Republication or redistribution of Reuters content is expressly prohibited without the prior written consent of Reuters